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They're more efficient because they're simpler, have fewer moving parts, Spin their output shaft faster, don't lose energy to vibration, noise, fewer lubricated parts mean fewer friction surfaces, fewer sealing surfaces mean less pressure loss to leaks. From a Carnot efficiency standpoint you're effectively continuously allowing steam to expand more adiabatically than you can in a piston engine, meaning that more of your energy is going into doing work rather than lost as heat to the environment. When coupled to a generator, usually an, the higher RPM is more useful for generating electricity at the correct AC frequency. Heic viewer for windows 7. Power generation is a more or less constant load that requires a constant RPM. Gasoline engines are built for a range of speeds, and they are built to change RPM quickly, they can be tuned to run most efficiently at a variety of RPM, and some even have variable timing to make that efficiency band wider. The turbine is preferred because it is not needed to run at different speeds, and because of the previously stated reasons it is more efficient than a piston engine at any particular RPM. Car engines aren't less efficient at high RPM in terms of fuel used per horsepower hour at full throttle. They are actually most efficient under wide open throttle at the RPM where they produce their peak torque. Hybrid cars with a CVT run like that, and siphon off excess power into the battery if you're not calling for that much power, and rev up towards the RPM of peak power if you floor it. I've also heard that formula one engines are actually very fuel efficient for how much power they make(at least the old N/A V10s) • • • • •. Like said, it's basically the entire package that makes it more efficient. There are even variants of turbines (i.e. Condensing vs non-condensing turbines), which are even more efficient. However, if you wanted an ELI5 simplification, it's because a turbine is delivering power 100% of the time it's running. Compared to a piston steam engine which only delivers power 50% of the time (during the power stroke) and then has to expand energy to 'push' the piston back up for the next power stroke. Double-acting steam engines give power on every stroke. Principles of soft computing sivanandam deepa ebook. Even so, they do not deliver power 100% of the time while the engine is running due to, in this example, inherent issues with converting reciprocating motion to circular motion. I didn't want to confuse the issue by introducing double-acting cylinders. Though I can see why it would have been a good idea to do so. In any case, how is that relevant to efficiency? In the case of a single-acting steam engine, the piston needs to be reset to, or close to, top dead center before you can begin another power stroke. This action requires energy that could otherwise be used to generate more power, which decreases overall efficiency. In the case of a double-acting steam engine, you're now expending energy to force out the working fluid on the opposite side of the piston. Again, decreasing engine efficiency because you're using energy to accomplish something other than generating power to move the vehicle. Likewise in both cases, even when the engine isn't delivering any power you're still expending energy to generate steam. Further reducing efficiency because you cannot store steam without using extra energy.
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